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来源：云顶彩票娱乐2024-07-27 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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他们，为春运“砍出”安全通道******

　　(新春走基层)他们，为春运“砍出”安全通道

　　中新网惠州1月12日电题：他们，为春运“砍出”安全通道

　　作者郭军龚震黄金水

　　1月11日7时35分，小雨淅沥，山路湿滑，广铁集团惠州电务段一支6人的队伍，艰难跋涉在广东省和平县阳明镇的大山之间，他们攀岩而上、钻过树丛，对京九铁路供电线进行停电砍青作业。他们，为春运“砍出”安全通道。

　　“天蒙蒙亮，我和伙计们就带上油锯、麻绳、云梯，准备今天大‘干’一场。”和平信号水电车间的党员工班长何兴奇介绍，6人砍青队里，年龄最大的45岁，最小的31岁，年纪最轻的他是这个班组的“一家之长”。

　　据悉，和平地处粤赣两省交界处，京九铁路穿山而过，近期树木长势汹汹，给春运期间的供电安全留下隐患。

“砍青队”通过踩踏“云梯”进行爬山何智凡摄

　　9时10分，电力工吴远航扛着“伸缩云梯”在前面开路，遇上路滑的山沟，将云梯一拉就变成“梯路”，为后方的工友铺路，大家顺着“梯路”，依次越过水沟，拉着藤曼，费力地一点点朝着山上攀爬。

　　11时5分，艰难地攀爬2小时后，电力人员到达山顶作业地点。在做好安全措施后，选定此次需要砍伐的树木，技术骨干吴远航熟稔地挥动着电锯开始锯子树，木屑随着锯条在空中散播，手上、衣服上挂满了荆棘、木屑，不一会，就变成了一个“小黄人”。身后的工友们，奋力地挥舞着砍刀，砍向大树旁边的树木竹枝等，一边注意着吴远航锯树的进度，做好防护。

　　时间一点点过去，山顶寒风阵阵，厚厚的工作服被汗水浸湿，又被风吹干……

“砍青队”在清理影响供电线路的树木何智凡摄

　　“上来一趟不容易，下来一趟也特别的难，所以我们会在计划时间内完成尽可能多的工作。”中途，工长何兴奇拿起地上的水壶，仰头咕咚咕咚喝了3大口，喘着粗气说道：“京九铁路和平段供电线路已运行20余年，两路电源全程256.153公里，全部架设在陡峭的群山上。我们砍青队每年要跨越21座海拔约900至1500余米的山峰，根据树木生长的速度，多次进行砍青作业，以确保东水至定南四站近100公里电力线路的安全。”

　　下午13时，小雨还在飘洒，工人们找到一处可以避雨的空地，席地而坐，拿出了包子、馒头、牛奶充饥，何兴奇的嘴里塞了一个馒头，踮脚眺望，估算着下午的工作量和所需的时间。

　　“电力设备都设在大山上，山路崎岖，我们上下一次要4个小时，有时检修要穿过4.5公里的五指山隧道，没有办法回到工区吃饭，带上干粮简单解决午饭，既省事又能节省来回时间。”砍青队的”大内总管”刘小磊说。

　　16时，经过近4个小时的鏖战，影响和平至上陵贯通、自闭架空支线的树木、树枝已清理完毕。(完)